A study published in Geophysical Research Letters has found a significant slowdown in Arctic sea ice melting over the past 20 years. The study attributes the slowdown to natural ocean current variations, although it warns that melting could accelerate within a decade. "It has bought us a bit more time but it is a temporary reprieve -- when it ends, it isn't good news," researcher Mark England says.

Scientists have developed a technique that uses ionic liquids to turn biological tissue transparent without damaging it, allowing for high-resolution imaging of organs such as the brain and heart without dissection, preserving intricate tissue details. In a study in Cell, the researchers demonstrate how the technique can map complex neural connections and enhance fluorescent dye signals.

Early human ancestors might have learned to walk upright while still living in trees, according to a study in Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. The research on chimpanzees in Tanzania's Issa Valley, who spend significant time in trees despite living in dry woodlands, suggests that bipedalism could have evolved as a way to reach food in trees, rather than as a response to moving across open savannahs.

A study published in Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology reveals that 85% of astronauts experience sinus issues, including nasal congestion and facial pain, due to fluid shifts caused by microgravity. These seemingly mild symptoms can affect cognitive function, reaction time and overall mission performance. The study also notes that astronauts are particularly affected during spacewalks, facing pressure shifts that can lead to more serious problems like eustachian tube dysfunction.

Researchers have created a sustainable cement mortar by replacing some portland cement with bamboo stem ash and alkali-treated bamboo fibers, according to a study published in Scientific Reports. The material is 21.7% lighter than traditional cement and has improved strength and durability, making it suitable for lightweight construction.

Higher intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids is linked to a lower risk of myopia in children, according to a study in the British Journal of Ophthalmology. The research, which involved more than 1,000 children in Hong Kong, found that those in the highest quartile of omega-3 intake had shorter axial lengths, compared with those in the lowest quartile, suggesting less myopia.

Weekend social activities that include drinking and smoking may contribute to a spike in sleep apnea, according to a study in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. Researchers found a 24% increased risk of sleep apnea in adults under 60 on weekends, and an 18% increase overall. Factors such as alcohol use, lighter sleep and inconsistent use of sleep apnea therapies may play a role, researchers said.

Che-Wei Chang, an assistant professor at the University of Rhode Island, has received a grant from the National Science Foundation to study how coastal vegetation such as mangroves can protect shorelines from wave and current hazards. The project will use 3D-printed models to replicate mangrove root structures, aiming to bridge fundamental science and practical application and to inform sustainable, nature-based coastal protection strategies.

October 30 - November 1, 2025
STEM students across the globe are invited to showcase their research and compete for awards at the 2025 International Forum on Research Excellence (IFoRE), powered by Sigma Xi. IFoRE is going virtual in 2025, which means no travel expenses and easy access for all presenting students. Students who participate in the virtual event will get unique opportunities to network with peers and professionals in their field, gain valuable research presentation experience, and discover future opportunities with school programs and employers. All competing students will be eligible for monetary awards in their discipline and education level. Learn more at experienceIFoRE.