The IEA's annual World Energy Outlook maps out different trajectories for energy demand through 2050. This release is normally a pretty mundane affair, but not this year, as the outlook has become a political football.
Officials in President Trump’s administration have accused the Paris-based watchdog of politicising energy by suggesting that demand for fossil fuels could plateau by 2030. Energy Secretary Chris Wright has called peak oil demand "nonsensical".
It is therefore notable that the 2025 report introduced a new scenario showing that, given current government policies, oil demand will not plateau in 2030 but will instead hit 113 million barrels per day by mid-century, up around 13% from 2024 consumption.
The “existing policies” baked into the Current Policy Scenario (CPS) range from renewables mandates and fossil fuel extraction laws to construction and vehicle emission standards.
The CPS, which appears to be the base scenario among several IEA projections, "offers a cautious perspective" on the speed of adoption of new technologies and therefore assumes a bigger role for fossil fuels in the coming decades.
Former critics of the IEA may hail this about-face as a much-needed dose of reality to counter the organisation's previous green leanings. And, to be fair, previous scenarios probably were overly optimistic about the implementation of climate-friendly policies and the shift away from fossil fuels.
But political matters aside, the message CPS is sending is troubling.